ingress nginx azure with Application Routing and Private Link

Ingress Nginx Azure with Application Routing and Private Link is a powerful combination that enables you to manage traffic to your Azure resources with ease.

This setup allows you to route traffic to your Azure resources using Application Gateway, which is a managed service that provides load balancing and SSL termination.

You can use Azure Private Link to connect your Application Gateway to your Azure resources, enabling secure and private communication between them.

By using Ingress Nginx Azure with Application Routing and Private Link, you can simplify your traffic management and improve the security of your Azure resources.

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To create an Ingress object, you'll need to copy the YAML manifest into a new file and save it to your local computer. This YAML manifest defines the Ingress object with the required metadata and specification.

The application routing add-on creates an Ingress class on the cluster named webapprouting.kubernetes.azure.com. When you create an Ingress object with this class, it activates the add-on. You can specify the ingressClassName property in the Ingress object to use this class.

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You can configure the NGINX ingress controller using a Kubernetes custom resource definition (CRD) called NginxIngressController. This CRD allows you to set properties such as ingressClassName, controllerNamePrefix, and loadBalancerAnnotations to customize the NGINX ingress controller.

Here are some key properties you can set to configure an NginxIngressController:

You can configure an NginxIngressController to suit your needs. The ingressClassName property specifies the name of the IngressClass to be used for the NGINX Ingress Controller.

The controllerNamePrefix property is used to prefix the managed NGINX ingress controller resources, and defaults to nginx if not specified. This property can be modified to suit your needs.

You can also configure the loadBalancerAnnotations to control the behavior of the NGINX ingress controller's service by setting load balancer annotations.

The scaling property allows you to configure how the NGINX Ingress Controller scales. You can specify the minimum and maximum number of replicas, as well as the scaling threshold.

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Here's a breakdown of the scaling options:

You can also specify the defaultBackendService to handle all URL paths and hosts that the Ingress-NGINX controller doesn't understand. The defaultSSLCertificate property allows you to specify the default certificate to be used when accessing the default backend service.

To create a public facing NGINX ingress controller, you can use the application routing addon, which is the recommended way to configure an Ingress controller in AKS. This addon provides easy configuration of managed NGINX Ingress controllers based on Kubernetes NGINX Ingress controller.

Alternatively, you can create another public facing NGINX ingress controller by copying the YAML manifest into a new file named nginx-public-controller.yaml and saving it to your local computer. The YAML manifest should include the following:

+ name: nginx-public

* spec:

+ ingressClassName: nginx-public

+ controllerNamePrefix: nginx-public

Once you have created the YAML manifest, you can create the NGINX ingress controller resources using the kubectl apply command.

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Here's a step-by-step guide to creating a public facing NGINX ingress controller:

1. Copy the YAML manifest into a new file named nginx-public-controller.yaml.

2. Save the file to your local computer.

3. Create the NGINX ingress controller resources using the kubectl apply command: kubectl apply -f nginx-public-controller.yaml.

The following example output shows the created resource: nginxingresscontroller.approuting.kubernetes.azure.com/nginx-public created.

Note that you can also view the conditions to troubleshoot any issues.

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Application Routing is a crucial aspect of Ingress Nginx on Azure. The application routing add-on with NGINX delivers easy configuration of managed NGINX Ingress controllers based on Kubernetes NGINX Ingress controller.

You can configure DNS and SSL settings, as well as the application routing add-on, to manage public and private zones. This includes configuring internal NGIX ingress controllers for Azure private DNS zones.

The application routing add-on also integrates with Azure DNS for public and private zone management. SSL termination is supported with certificates stored in Azure Key Vault.

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Here are the key features of the application routing add-on with NGINX:

Note that using the application routing add-on with Open Service Mesh (OSM) is not recommended, as OSM has been retired by the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF).

You can configure the NGINX ingress controller using the Kubernetes custom resource definition (CRD) called NginxIngressController. This allows you to create more ingress controllers or modify existing configuration.

You can set properties to configure an NginxIngressController, such as the ingressClassName, controllerNamePrefix, loadBalancerAnnotations, and scaling options. The scaling options include minReplicas, maxReplicas, and threshold, which defines how quickly the NGINX Ingress Controller pods should scale based on workload.

The NGINX ingress controller also supports adding annotations to specific Ingress objects to customize their behavior. You can annotate the ingress object by adding the respective annotation in the metadata.annotations field. This can be used to configure custom connection timeouts, backend protocols, and more.

Here are some common annotations for NGINX ingress controllers:

Custom connection timeout can be adjusted to extend the time the NGINX ingress controller waits to close a connection with your workload. All timeout values are unitless and in seconds.

To override the default timeout, you can use the following annotation to set a valid proxy read timeout. This value should be set between 120 seconds.

You can customize timeouts for other configuration options as needed, and be sure to review them to ensure the best performance for your workload.

The NGINX ingress controller defaults to using HTTP to reach services, but you can configure alternative backend protocols like HTTPS or GRPC using a specific annotation.

To enable HTTPS or GRPC, you'll need to add an annotation to your configuration, which can be a bit tricky if you're not familiar with annotations.

By default, the controller uses HTTP, so you'll want to make sure you understand the implications of switching to a different protocol.

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Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) is a crucial configuration option to enable in your Ingress rules.

To enable CORS, you'll need to use the annotation in your Ingress rule. This is a simple yet effective way to allow cross-origin requests.

The annotation to use is: `Review enable CORS for other configuration options.`

URL rewriting is a configuration option that allows you to serve two different web applications under the same domain.

You can use this configuration with path based routing where the exposed URL in the backend service differs from the specified path in the Ingress rule. Without a rewrite, any request returns a 404 error.

To set the path expected by the service, you can use the annotation. This annotation allows you to specify the expected path, ensuring that requests are routed correctly.

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To verify that your Ingress is working as expected, you can use the kubectl get ingress command to check if it was created successfully. This command will show you the status of your managed Ingress.

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You can also verify the public IP address of the Ingress controller by using the kubectl command. This will give you the IP address you need to point your browser to in order to test the Ingress.

After verifying the Ingress, you can check the status of the NGINX ingress controller using the kubectl get nginxingresscontroller command. This will show you the current status of the controller.

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Now that you've published and verified your application, it's time to take it to the next level. To configure a custom ingress configuration, follow the steps in the Azure Kubernetes Service documentation to create an advanced Ingress configuration and set up a secure ingress.

You can also integrate your application with an Azure internal load balancer and configure a private Azure DNS zone to enable DNS resolution for private endpoints. This is especially useful for resolving specific domains.

For more advanced configuration information, review the DNS and SSL configuration and application routing add-on configuration in the Azure Kubernetes Service documentation.

To monitor the performance and usage of your application, learn about the ingress-nginx controller metrics included with the application routing add-on and how to use Prometheus in Grafana (preview).

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You can publish your app externally without using a LoadBalancer service by creating an ingress resource. This is done by referring to a ClusterIP service, which is a common Kubernetes ingress setup.

To use the Private Link Service functionality, you need to publish an Ingress Controller like ingress-nginx. This is done by creating an ingress resource that refers to the ClusterIP service.

You can configure a custom host header in Front Door to match the ingress host. This is necessary to allow ingress-nginx to route traffic to the super-api service.

To create a private link service for the load balancer, you need to add specific annotations to the ingress-nginx Helm chart. These annotations include service.beta.kubernetes.io/azure-load-balancer-internal, service.beta.kubernetes.io/azure-pls-create, and service.beta.kubernetes.io/azure-pls-name.

Here are the required annotations for the ingress-nginx Helm chart:

By adding these annotations, the service created by the ingress-nginx Helm chart will use an internal load balancer and a private link service will be created.